EORI Application Overview
Applying for an EORI number is a straightforward process that is completely free of charge across all EU member states. The key is knowing where to apply and what information you'll need to provide. This guide walks you through everything from determining your registration country to submitting your application and verifying your new EORI number.
Where to Apply: Determining Your Registration Country
The fundamental rule for EORI registration is that you must apply in the EU member state where your business is established. "Established" generally means having your registered business address or principal place of business in that country.
- EU-based businesses: Apply in your country of establishment
- Non-EU businesses with EU subsidiary: Apply in the country where your EU subsidiary is established
- Non-EU businesses without EU presence: Apply in the EU country where you first intend to conduct customs operations
- Multiple EU establishments: Apply in any of the member states where you have an establishment
Step-by-Step Application Process
While specific procedures vary by country, the general EORI application process follows these steps:
Check Existing Registration
Before applying, verify that your company doesn't already have an EORI number. Use the official EU EORI validation tool to search by company name or VAT number. Some businesses, particularly those with VAT registration, may have been automatically assigned an EORI number.
Gather Required Documents
Prepare all necessary documentation before starting the application. Required documents typically include proof of business registration, identification documents, and VAT registration certificates where applicable. Specific requirements vary by country.
Access the Registration Portal
Visit the official customs authority website for your registration country. Most EU countries now offer online EORI registration through dedicated portals. Some countries still accept paper applications by mail or fax.
Complete the Application Form
Fill out all required fields accurately. Information typically includes business name, address, legal form, VAT number (if applicable), nature of customs activities, and authorized contact persons. Double-check all entries before submission.
Submit Supporting Documents
Upload or attach required supporting documents as specified by the application system. Some countries have electronic access to business registers and may require fewer documents for domestic companies.
Await Processing
Processing times vary significantly by country, from a few hours to several weeks. You'll typically receive confirmation by email or through the registration portal once your EORI is assigned.
Verify Your EORI
Once you receive your EORI number, verify it through the official EU validation tool to confirm it's active in the system. This also ensures the registered details are correct.
Required Documents
Documentation requirements vary by country and whether the applicant is an EU-based or non-EU business. Here are the commonly required documents:
For EU-Based Businesses:
- Business registration certificate: Official proof of company registration (extract from commercial register)
- VAT registration certificate: If the business is VAT-registered
- National tax identification: Tax number or fiscal code
- Articles of association: In some countries, to verify legal form and authorized persons
- Identification of authorized signatory: Passport or ID card of person signing the application
- Power of attorney: If application is submitted by a representative
For Non-EU Businesses:
- All documents listed above plus:
- Proof of establishment: Evidence of business existence in the third country
- Certificate of incorporation: From the country of registration
- Apostille or legalization: Documents may need to be apostilled or legalized depending on origin country
- Certified translations: If documents are not in an official EU language
- Description of intended customs activities: Nature and scope of planned import/export operations
Processing Times by Country
EORI application processing times vary significantly across EU member states. The table below provides estimated timeframes based on typical processing experiences:
| Country | Typical Processing Time | Application Method |
|---|---|---|
| France | A few hours to 1 day | Online (SOPRANO EORI) |
| Netherlands | 1-5 working days | Online portal |
| Belgium | 2-5 working days | Online or email |
| Spain | 5-10 working days | Online (AEAT) |
| Italy | 1-7 working days | Online (Customs portal) |
| Germany | Up to 3 weeks | Online portal or form 0870 |
| Poland | Up to 7 working days | Online (PUESC) |
| Ireland | 1-3 working days | Online (Revenue Online) |
| UK (GB EORI) | Instant to 5 days | Online (gov.uk) |
Country-Specific Registration Links
Access official EORI registration portals for major EU member states:
🇩🇪 Germany
EORI registration is handled by the Generalzolldirektion (Central Customs Authority). Apply through the Zoll-Portal or submit form 0870.
🇫🇷 France
French EORI numbers are issued through the SOPRANO EORI online service. Processing is typically very fast.
🇳🇱 Netherlands
Dutch EORI applications are processed by Belastingdienst (Tax and Customs Administration).
🇪🇸 Spain
Spanish EORI registration is managed by the Agencia Tributaria (Tax Agency) through their online portal.
🇮🇹 Italy
Italian EORI numbers are issued by the Agenzia delle Dogane e dei Monopoli (Customs and Monopolies Agency).
🇬🇧 United Kingdom (Post-Brexit)
UK EORI numbers (GB prefix) are issued by HMRC. Northern Ireland businesses may also need an XI EORI.
Common Application Mistakes to Avoid
Ensure a smooth EORI application process by avoiding these common errors:
1. Applying in the Wrong Country
You must apply in the country where your business is established. Applying in the wrong country will result in rejection and delays. If you're a non-EU business, apply in the country where you'll first conduct customs operations.
2. Incomplete Documentation
Missing or incomplete documents are the most common cause of application delays. Gather all required documents before starting the application and ensure they are current and properly certified where required.
3. Inconsistent Information
Ensure the business name, address, and other details exactly match your official business registration. Discrepancies between your application and official records will trigger verification delays.
4. Applying When Already Registered
If your company already has an EORI number (perhaps assigned automatically with VAT registration), applying again will be rejected. Always check the validation database first.
5. Using Paid Third-Party Services
EORI registration is free. While customs agents can assist with the process, you don't need to pay for basic EORI registration. Be cautious of services charging excessive fees for this simple process.
6. Not Planning for Processing Time
Some countries take weeks to process EORI applications. Don't wait until you have an urgent shipment to apply. Register well in advance of your first planned import or export.
After Receiving Your EORI Number
Once your EORI number is assigned, there are several important steps to take:
Verify Your Registration
Use the official EU EORI validation tool to confirm your number is active and the registered information is correct. This is the same tool trading partners will use to verify your EORI before doing business with you.
Update Your Business Systems
Add your EORI number to your company's trade documentation templates, accounting systems, and any customs software you use. Ensure all relevant staff members have access to the number.
Inform Your Partners
Provide your EORI number to freight forwarders, customs brokers, carriers, and trading partners who will need it for customs declarations and shipping documentation.
Maintain Your Registration
Keep your EORI registration details up to date. Notify customs authorities if your business name, address, or legal form changes. Outdated information can cause clearance problems.